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When hypertension, or high blood pressure, goes untreated for a long period of time, it can lead to kidney disease. The kidneys play a crucial role in filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood, and when they are damaged by hypertension, it can lead to a range of symptoms. Here are some common symptoms of kidney disease due to longstanding hypertension:

1. Changes in urination: This can include urinating more or less frequently, blood in the urine, or foamy urine.
2. Swelling: Hypertension-related kidney disease can cause swelling in the legs, ankles, feet, or hands due to the body retaining more fluids than it should.
3. Fatigue and weakness: Damaged kidneys may not produce enough of the hormone erythropoietin, leading to anemia and resulting in fatigue and weakness.
4. Nausea and vomiting: Buildup of waste products in the blood can lead to nausea, vomiting, and a loss of appetite.
5. High blood pressure: While hypertension can cause kidney disease, kidney disease can also cause high blood pressure, creating a dangerous cycle.
6. Shortness of breath: Extra fluid in the body can build up in the lungs, making it difficult to breathe.

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms and have a history of hypertension, it's important to see a healthcare professional for an evaluation. Early detection and treatment of kidney disease can help prevent further damage and improve outcomes.

Individuals with longstanding hypertension, or high blood pressure, are at an increased risk of developing kidney disease. The kidneys play a crucial role in filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood, and high blood pressure can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys, leading to kidney disease over time. However, there are steps that individuals with longstanding hypertension can take to prevent or manage the development of kidney disease.

1. Control Blood Pressure: One of the most important steps for individuals with longstanding hypertension is to control their blood pressure. This can be achieved through lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and reducing stress. In some cases, medication may also be necessary to keep blood pressure within a healthy range.
2. Monitor Kidney Function: It is important for individuals with longstanding hypertension to regularly monitor their kidney function through blood and urine tests. This can help detect any signs of kidney disease early on, allowing for prompt intervention and management.
3. Manage Diabetes: Many individuals with longstanding hypertension also have diabetes, which is another risk factor for kidney disease. Managing blood sugar levels through diet, exercise, and medication can help reduce the risk of kidney disease.
4. Limit Salt Intake: High salt intake can contribute to high blood pressure, so individuals with longstanding hypertension should aim to limit their salt intake. This can help reduce the strain on the kidneys and lower the risk of kidney disease.
5. Avoid Smoking and Excessive Alcohol: Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can further damage the blood vessels in the kidneys, so individuals with longstanding hypertension should avoid these habits to protect their kidney health.

By taking these steps, individuals with longstanding hypertension can help prevent or manage the development of kidney disease, reducing the risk of complications and improving their overall health.